ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the changes of intestinal flora and its clinical significance in children with Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-positive duodenal ulcer before and after Hp eradication treatment. Methods:A total of 98 children with duodenal ulcer admitted to Ji′nan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected and divided into Hp infection group and Hp uninfected group according to whether they had Hp infection.Stools of Hp infection group were collected before treatment, treatment for 7 days, treatment for 14 days, and 30 days after treatment withdrawal for 16S rDNA sequencing.The independent samples t test was used to compare the detection of intestinal flora in the Hp infection group and the Hp uninfected group.Paired t test was used to compare the detection of intestinal flora in the Hp infection group before and after treatment.Nonparametric test was used to compare the bacterial diversity [diversity (Shannon, Simpson) index and richness (Chao 1) index] of Hp infection group and Hp uninfected group and the flora diversity of Hp infection group before and after treatment. Results:There was no significant difference in the detected numbers of Bifidobacterium [(5.92±1.85) lg copies/g feces vs.(6.58±2.01) lg copies/g feces], Lactobacillus [(4.89±1.35) lg copies/g feces vs.(4.47±1.59) lg copies/g feces], Bacteroides [(8.42±2.12) lg copies/g feces vs.(8.01±2.20) lg copies/g feces], Clostridium perfringens[(5.90±1.90) lg copies/g feces vs.(5.88±2.01) lg copies/g feces], Enterococcus[(5.41±1.27) lg copies/g feces vs.(5.02±1.48) lg copies/g feces], Enterobacter[(5.01±1.80) lg copies/g feces vs.(5.37±1.47) lg copies/g feces], and yeast [(5.90±1.85) lg copies/g feces vs.(5.88±2.01) lg copies /g feces] in the Hp infection group and the Hp uninfected group (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the Shannon index (3.84±0.52 vs.3.90±0.45), Simpson index (0.16±0.04 vs.0.15±0.05), and Chao 1 index (178.52±40.22 vs.185.32±42.47) of the intestinal flora diversity between the Hp infection group and the Hp uninfected group (all P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, the number of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides detected in the Hp infection group decreased at different times after treatment (all P<0.05). Compared with treatment for 7 days and treatment for 14 days, the number of Bifidobacterium [(4.54±1.78) lg copies/g feces vs.(4.20±1.22) lg copies/g feces vs.(5.21±1.55) lg copies/g feces], Lactobacillus [(4.01±1.20) lg copies/g feces vs.(3.89±1.32) lg copies/g feces vs.(4.43±1.10) lg copies/g feces], and Bacteroides [(6.78±1.88) lg copies/g feces vs.(6.55±1.90) lg copies/g feces vs.(7.68±2.00) lg copies/g feces] detected increased after 30 days of treatment (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus, Enterobacter and yeast detected in Hp infection group at different times before and after treatment (all P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, the Shannon index and Chao 1 index at different time after treatment decreased, and the Simpson index increased (all P<0.05). Compared with treatment for 7 days and treatment for 14 days, the Shannon index (2.85±0.45 vs.2.57±0.48 vs.3.20±0.50) and Chao 1 index (148.45±32.33 vs.140.32±30.47 vs.160.42±38.42) increased, and Simpson index (0.25±0.06 vs.0.27±0.08 vs.0.19±0.05) decreased 30 days after treatment (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Hp infection has no significant effect on the intestinal flora of children with duodenal ulcer.Anti-Hp treatment can lead to imbalance of intestinal flora and decrease of intestinal flora diversity.The effect of a large number of antibiotics on intestinal flora should be considered in anti Hp treatment.
ABSTRACT
New teaching approaches and modes should be developed in the education of socialist value of honor and disgrace,in order to unify socialist value of honor and disgrace with the personal development of medical professionals,realize the social function of medical professionals during the cultural transmission,stress the construction of hospital culture which is oriented by socialist value of honor and disgrace,strengthen the timely characteristics of teaching content and mode in moral education,thus morality and the socialist value of honor and disgrace could be developed in the whole society.